GFCM:CAQ/2002/Inf.7

INTRODUCTION

This paper is intended to complement the information that was provided at the previous two sessions of the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) Committee on Aquaculture (CAQ) by describing the progress made with regards to aquaculture production in the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins. The statistics presented are those related to the production in GFCM member countries with coastlines facing the Mediterranean or Black Sea. The figures also include freshwater aquaculture production and the aquaculture production of France and Spain from the Atlantic coast and of the Red Sea for Egypt. The reason for including these statistics is because the majority of the production from these two geographical areas outside the Mediterranean and the Black Sea ends up in the local domestic markets.

The statistics provided cover the period 1991-2000 and have been obtained from the FAO Fishstat database. In a few cases the Information Systems for the Promotion of Aquaculture in the Mediterranean (SIPAM) provides additional statistics for 2001. However, due to the incompleteness of the regional records, the analysis is limited to the 2000 data using the FAO Fishstat data. Furthermore, discrepancies between the various databases exist and these will need to be clarified in the near future.

GLOBAL TRENDS IN THE REGION

The statistics indicate that the situation in the ranking of country production has changed since 1998 with Egypt at the top of the list followed by Spain, France, and Italy. With regards to Egypt, two species are responsible for the increase in the aquaculture production, the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and the flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) with outputs in 2000 of 157 000 mt and 80 500 mt, respectively. It should be noted that the largest proportion of the production of the above two species comes from brackishwater culture. Over 88% of Egyptian aquaculture products are produced in inland waters and along the eastern coastline. Approximately 42 000 mt are produced along the north or Mediterranean coast.

Likewise in the case of France and Spain the great majority of aquaculture production comes from culture practices carried out along the Atlantic coast. In the case of France, the output from the Atlantic in 2000 was about 71% and was represented mainly by the Pacific cupped oyster (Crassostrea gigas) with 123 500 mt. Atlantic aquaculture production in Spain in the same year represented 89% of the national output. The main species cultured in the northern and western coasts is the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, with an output of approximately 250 000 mt. Mediterranean production for France and Spain in 2000 was considerably lower at 9% and 1.3%, respectively, or 24 200 mt and 41 mt. Table 1 shows the ranking of the top three countries in relation to the geographical area.

Altogether, aquaculture has grown steadily over the past few years. Total aquaculture production in the region reached 1 350 500 mt in 2000 (Table 2), or an increase of about 49% from the 907 700 mt recorded for 1996. This corresponds to an average annual growth rate of 10.4% over this period. In terms of groups of species, the group that has shown the fastest growth has been the marine finfish that moved from 87 000 mt in 1996 to 251 600 mt in 2000 which corresponds to an average annual increase of 30.4% (Table 4). Molluscs, the main group in terms of quantities produced, grew in this period from 549 800 mt to 627 100 mt corresponding to an average annual increase of 3.3%, a slight improvement to previous years (Table 4).

Total value of the production in 2000 amounted to about US$ 2 780 million with an increase of US$ 795 million compared to the overall value in 1996 (Table 3). This corresponds to an average annual growth rate of 8.8%. In terms of contribution to the economy of the aquaculture sector, marine finfish rank first, with US$ 1 180 million (US$ 587 million in 1996), which is a change from 1996 when molluscs were first.

TRENDS IN MEDITERRANEAN MARICULTURE AND BRACKISHWATER CULTURE

Considering exclusively the production of mariculture and brackishwater culture in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, total production increased by about 128 300 mt, from 230 000 mt in 1996 to 358 300 mt in 2000 (Table 1). These figures indicate an average annual growth rate of 11.7%, compared to the rate of 9.2% during the period between 1994 to 1998 as reported during the Second Session of CAQ. This increase was mainly propelled by marine finfish that moved from 63 400 mt in 1996 to 174 200 mt in 2000, growing at an average annual rate of 28.8%. Molluscs remain the main group in production with nearly 180 000 mt, although the latter statistics may be under-reported, particularly in the case of Italy.

The production value of mariculture and brackishwater products in the Mediterranean and in the Black Sea reached about US$ 1 066 million in 2000 while it was US$ 719 million in 1996. Also, in this case, the influence of marine finfish has been greater and has remained by far the first aquaculture economic group in the region with over US$ 810 million. This represented an average annual growth of 10.4% down from 16.3% reported for the period 1994-1998.

The evolution of the production and species groups has not been homogenous in the GFCM member countries. The growth of aquaculture production in some countries, including the freshwater sector and Atlantic production, has evolved negatively, with Albania, Algeria, Bulgaria, France, Morocco and Romania all showing an average negative trend during the 1996-2000 interval. In the case of Albania, with an average annual growth rate of
-1.3%, the highest negative performance was recorded in 1997. Since then the production increased progressively at an average annual rate of almost 47%. The situation in both Bulgaria and Romania has remained difficult with productions progressively decreasing compared to the output levels recorded in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Among the countries with relatively small aquaculture sectors like Cyprus, Lebanon, Malta and Syria that showed a considerable activity in the 1994-1998 period, only Cyprus continued its growth trend with an average annual growth of 24.3% over the five years analyzed.

However, the overall growth of the sector in the last few years resulted from the performance, in order of priority, of Egypt, Turkey, Croatia and Greece. Average annual growth rates in these countries have remained relatively high with over 45% in the case of Egypt, about 24% in Turkey, 23% in Croatia, and 19% in Greece. Italy, which is among the largest producers in the region, registered a 3.4% increase in production while production in France declined by -1.6%. Compared to the performance data presented during the Second Session of CAQ in 2000 the general trend has been an improved growth of the sector.

In the Mediterranean and Black Sea marine and brackishwater aquaculture sector, Italy remains by far the leading producer with about 168 000 mt recorded in 2000, growing at an average annual rate of 5.3% since 1996. The countries in the region can be classified into roughly four groups. The first group includes countries that do not report production in marine and brackish waters, which are Lebanon, Libya, Romania and Syria. A second group contributes a limited amount (below 1 000 mt/country) and includes Albania, Algeria, Bulgaria, Morocco, Spain and Tunisia. A third group with country production between 1 000 mt and 4 000 mt, includes Croatia, Cyprus, Israel and Malta. In the case of the first three countries in this latter group, growth of the sector has been fast with average annual rates ranging from 30-60%. Malta seems to have reached a plateau. The last and fourth group includes countries with productions over 10 000 mt. This group includes Egypt, France, Greece, Italy and Turkey. Of the latter group only Egypt, Turkey and Greece have shown fast growth rates during the 1996-2000 period with average annual growth rates of 53.3%, 23.7% and 20.4%, respectively.

PRODUCTION TRENDS BY SPECIES GROUPS

Table 5 lists the top 15 species produced by all GFCM member countries (including Atlantic and Red Sea production) accounting for 96% of the total production of 1 350 500 mt. The top three marine species are represented by the blue mussel, the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and the Pacific cupped oyster. Growth of the mussel aquaculture sector has continued steadily, but at relatively low annual rates (between 2.5-6.4% depending on the species). In case of the Pacific cupped oyster the output has somewhat declined. The Japanese carpet shell (Ruditapes philippinarum) in 2000 ranked ninth on the list with over 95% produced in Italy. The most visible growth in the brackishwater and marine sector is reserved to the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), seabasses (Dicentrarchus spp.) and the flathead grey mullet. In 2000, the gilthead seabream output recorded was over 85 000 mt (annual average growth rate from 1996-2000 was 27.1%) with Greece producing 45% of the total output (or 38 500 mt). In the case of the European seabass, the production in 2000 was over 52 000 mt (annual average growth rate from 1996-2000 was 25.9%) with the lion share claimed by Greece with a production of
26 300 mt (or 51%). FAO Fishstat furthermore report an additional 17 900 mt of Dicentrarchus spp produced by Turkey in 2000. The species is probably the European seabass. This culture practice in Turkey has had a rapid growth over the last few years with an average annual growth rate of 36.1% during the 1996-2000 period. Furthermore, the production increase of M. cephalus should be noticed, mainly coming from Egypt which appears to have experienced a growth in the culture of this species even faster than that for the European seabass and gilthead seabream. Egyptian production of the flathead grey mullet in 2000 accounted for 66% of the total production of this species.

With regards to alternative aquaculture marine species things have not changed much over the past few years. Trials to identify new finfish species for production are still on-going in most countries, but no real replacement has been found for the two major species (seabream and seabass), which have experienced a considerable decrease in price due to the fast growth in production. Many of the trials have centred on Sparidae species and it is to a certain extent doubtful that these could be considered real replacements from a marketing point of view. Among the several species under research, production data is available for the sharpsnout seabream, Puntazzo puntazzo: in 2000, Italy produced 400 mt while Cyprus 52 mt.

Worth mentioning, at this stage, is the recent farming of the blue fin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Mediterranean Sea. This farming practice has taken off in Croatia, Spain, Italy, Malta, Morocco and Turkey and is based on catches of wild fish. The tunas are farmed in large off-shore floating netcages. The stocking size range from small fish of about 10 kg to large specimens of over several hundred kilograms depending on the culture period. Tuna farming in the Mediterranean is expanding and production in 2001 was estimated at over 11 000 mt.

In the case of freshwater species, the Nile tilapia ranked top of the list in 2000 with Egypt producing 100% of the 157 400 mt reported in the FAO statistics. The growth of this aquaculture practice has been fast and Egypt tripled its production since 1998. Other major tilapia species producing countries are Israel and the Syrian Arab Republic, which had an additional and combined output in the same year of about 10 000 mt with Israel responsible for 73% of the output. The rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ranked second among the freshwater species with an overall production of 123 300 mt with Italy, France and Spain, in this order, sharing 72% of the total production. Growth of this sector has shown a slightly negative annual growth (-0.9%) over the last few years, most likely due to the drop in the market price and high production costs. Among the other freshwater species, grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) showed the fastest growth rate over the few years under consideration. The bulk of the production came from Egypt with 66 200 mt produced in 2000 with an average annual growth rate of about 135%.

VALUE CONTRIBUTION OF MAIN SPECIES

The economic contribution of the various species to the sector remains very different. Table 6 lists the top 15 species reported in 2000, which combined, accounted for almost 93% of the total aquaculture value. In the Mediterranean and in the Black Sea, without including freshwater species, the two principle species were the gilthead seabream and the European seabass, with US$ 407 million and US$ 294 million, respectively. These two species together accounted for over 25% of the total aquaculture value in 2000. The average annual value growth rate of these two species was 12.5%, which when compared to the 26.5% increase in the average production rate, shows a reduction in unit prices, principally due to the increased supply. This situation still remains the main preoccupation of the Mediterranean marine farmers. The flathead grey mullet ranked second with almost US$ 300 million.

Clams, mussels and oysters represent three other marine species of importance with a total value in 2000 of about US$ 522 million. In the case of mussels the average increase in value has been lower than the average increase in production showing a progressive difficulty to absorb the production in the main markets. This was not the case of the Japanese carpet clam where the market demand continues to grow. Among the other marine species listed among the top 15 species in terms of value are tuna-like species (Scombroidae) and turbot (Psetta maxima).

In the freshwater sector, five species were among the top 15 species list, contributing more than US$ 812 million in 2000. In this ranking the Nile tilapia was the main species with US$ 272 million, followed by the rainbow trout (US$ 255 million). Grass carp is another important species with a contribution of US$ 117 million in 2000, followed by salmon species (Salmo spp.) and the common carp with US$ 86 million and US$ 80 million, respectively. Of these freshwater species the ones which have shown the fastest annual average growth in value in the period 1996-2000 and in terms of contribution to the local economies were the grass carp, which grew at over 114%, followed by the Nile tilapia with about 53%. The production and economic contribution of the common carp dropped considerably over the period under consideration.

CONCLUSION

In summary, aquaculture production in the region since the Second Session of the GFCM Committee on Aquaculture has increased and so has the contribution of this sector to the national economies. Nevertheless, the sector still faces a number of constraints related to the evolution of markets, the availability of culture sites, inputs (mainly seeds), diseases, planning, infrastructures and human resources. These problems, of multidisciplinary nature and clearly interrelated, require the collaboration of all member countries for a solution and have been debated at length during the Consultation on the Application of Article 9 of the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries in the Mediterranean Region.

Table 1. Aquaculture production by area - Ranking of top three countries (MT).

Area	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	APR 91-00(1)	APR 96-00	Rank	Country	Production in 2000
Brackishwater culture Freshwater culture Mariculture	149 704 233 706 524 278	164 592 234 650 542 220	236 227 236 536 628 803	306 950 253 235 660 989	427 256 262 185 661 081	15.2 2.8 4.1	30.0 2.9 6.0

Africa - Inland waters	70 135	67 316	126 296	211 085	300 093	19.5	43.8	1 2 3 --	Egypt Morocco Tunisia Other (2)	297 935 985 834 339
Asia - Inland waters	41 624	49 972	57 677	60 584	67 844	12.8	13.0	1 2 3 --	Turkey Israel Syrian Arab Republic Other (3)	43 385 17 184 6 797 478
Atlantic - Eastern Central	120	276	202	196	177	-2.3	10.2	1	Morocco	177
Atlantic - Northeast	399 987	403 453	466 497	475 611	468 051	2.6	4.0	1 2 3	Spain France Morocco	278 585 189 456 10
Europe - Inland waters	165 828	173 558	161 128	155 070	156 086	0.2	-1.5	1 2 3 --	France Italy Spain Other (4)	54 078 48 750 33 545 19 713
Mediterranean / Black Sea	229 994	246 887	289 766	318 628	358 271	8.2	11.7	1 2 3 --	Italy Greece Turkey Other (5)	167 775 77 033 35 646 77 817

(1): Average Annual Percentage Rate.
(2): Algeria and Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.
(3): Lebanon and Cyprus.
(4): Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece and Albania.
(5): Egypt, France, Croatia, Cyprus, Malta, Tunisia, Morocco, Albania, Spain, Algeria and Bulgaria.
(Sources: FAO Fishstat - Version 2.3).

Table 2. Aquaculture production in the GFCM member countries - Includes freshwater and Atlantic coast production (MT).

Country	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	APR(1) 91-00	APR 96-00
Albania	859	397	389	395	340	323	97	124	310	307	-10.8	-1.3
Algeria	150	147	300	389	369	322	322	283	250	275	7.0	-3.9
Bulgaria	7 798	8 132	7 897	6 100	4 615	4 727	5 437	4 252	7 780	3 654	-8.1	-6.2
Croatia	--	6 802	4 603	4 941	4 007	2 889	3 510	5 958	6 228	6 674	-0.2(2)	23.3
Cyprus	127	155	259	291	452	787	969	1 178	1 422	1 878	34.9	24.3
Egypt	61 617	63 895	54 100	56 603	61 815	75 837	73 454	139 389	226 276	340 093	20.9	45.5
France	245 094	250 254	277 323	280 954	280 786	285 526	287 243	267 855	264 850	267 767	1.0	-1.6
Greece	12 615	20 306	32 578	33 182	32 644	39 852	48 838	59 926	79 474	79 879	22.8	19.0
Israel	15 102	12 211	13 604	14 984	16 180	17 553	18 264	18 556	18 777	20 098	3.2	3.4
Italy	175 193	170 377	166 320	176 421	214 725	189 373	195 719	208 625	210 368	216 525	2.4	3.4
Lebanon	80	130	180	200	300	350	300	400	300	400	19.6	3.4
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya	70	80	80	90	100	100	100	100	100	100	4.0	0.0
Malta	200	500	650	904	904	1 552	1 800	1 950	2 002	1 746	27.2	3.0
Morocco	659	741	1 193	1 463	2 072	2 057	2 184	2 104	2 720	1 847	12.1	-2.7
Romania	29 530	24 620	21 100	20 400	19 830	13 900	11 168	9 614	8 998	9 727	-11.6	-8.5
Spain	224 971	168 759	126 130	177 940	223 965	231 633	239 136	315 477	321 145	312 171	3.7	7.7
Syrian Arab Republic	3 169	5 116	4 635	4 521	5 857	6 355	5 596	7 233	6 079	6 797	8.8	1.7
Tunisia	778	859	795	1 137	960	1 351	1 875	1 842	1 095	1 553	8.0	3.5
Turkey	7 835	9 085	12 438	15 998	21 607	33 201	45 450	56 700	63 000	79 031	29.3	24.2
TOTAL	785 847	742 566	724 574	796 913	891 528	907 688	941 462	1 101 566	1 221 174	1 350 522	6.2	10.4

(1): Average Annual Percentage Rate
(2): APR from 1992-2000.
(Sources: FAO Fishstat - Version 2.3).

Table 3. Value of aquaculture production by country - Includes freshwater and Atlantic coast production (US$ 1 000).

Country	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	APR(1) 91-00	APR 96-00
Albania	670	348	358	344	251	276	223	195	540	478	-3.7	14.7
Algeria	505	363	722	960	971	860	860	794	678	734	4.2	-3.9
Bulgaria	20 725	21 624	21 004	16 350	12 374	13 147	14 858	11 066	17 025	7 335	-10.9	-13.6
Croatia	--	22 799	12 874	13 700	12 472	8 963	11 303	23 037	23 481	26 487	1.9(2)	31.1
Cyprus	1 803	1 888	2 868	3 108	4 467	7 512	8 173	9 013	9 574	10 304	21.4	8.2
Egypt	107 174	107 273	93 526	103 432	104 994	145 411	165 871	327 263	447 146	815 046	25.3	53.9
France	496 843	563 360	571 546	640 551	663 275	600 231	627 096	560 758	488 633	433 873	-1.5	-7.8
Greece	94 970	177 196	150 605	119 720	157 307	235 864	246 589	274 997	324 490	287 018	13.1	5.0
Israel	40 391	32 418	37 193	40 214	48 906	52 470	63 415	64 386	69 866	76 393	7.3	9.8
Italy	372 040	381 872	345 284	351 019	419 288	394 937	397 984	449 366	365 101	455 774	2.3	3.6
Lebanon	280	488	720	1 000	1 500	1 750	1 500	2 000	900	1 200	17.6	-9.0
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya	84	120	120	135	150	150	150	150	150	150	6.7	0.0
Malta	1 600	4 500	5 850	8 127	8 127	10 119	10 336	10 560	8 509	5 011	13.5	-16.1
Morocco	6 290	6 958	9 744	11 014	12 254	11 754	7 793	7 574	8 173	4 831	-2.9	-19.9
Romania	77 102	69 118	53 110	51 369	47 982	35 130	16 572	15 783	16 544	15 637	-16.2	-18.3
Spain	345 539	216 485	163 285	203 418	250 015	250 131	247 943	307 611	345 584	382 392	1.1	11.2
Syrian Arab Republic	14 680	23 698	21 467	21 645	26 912	28 986	25 892	32 876	28 079	32 090	9.1	2.6
Tunisia	3 879	7 210	5 951	7 548	5 454	6 826	9 489	8 846	4 306	7 107	7.0	1.0
Turkey	48 920	54 412	67 578	106 962	127 197	182 569	227 960	280 745	306 408	219 775	18.2	4.7
TOTAL	1 633 495	1 692 130	1 563 805	1 700 616	1 903 896	1 987 086	2 084 007	2 387 020	2 465 187	2 781 635	6.1	8.8

(1): Average Annual Percentage Rate.
(2): APR from 1992-2000.
(Sources: FAO Fishstat - Version 2.3).

Table 4. Production (MT) and value (US$ 1 000) of main species groupings - Includes freshwater and Atlantic coast production.

Production (mt)
Species Groups	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	APR(1) 91-00	APR 96-00
Molluscs	521 459	461 828	440 257	496 534	566 595	549 783	554 337	633 560	642 778	627 054	2.1	3.3
Freshwater fishes	120 735	122 700	109 008	109 967	104 406	109 200	107 742	156 297	233 235	292 398	10.3	27.9
Marine fishes	25 655	33 701	42 921	52 317	68 408	86 987	99 373	136 818	176 442	251 639	28.9	30.4
Diadromous fishes	110 593	119 045	127 059	132 758	146 746	156 073	174 253	171 266	165 414	176 130	5.3	3.1
Aquatic plants	5 053	5 052	5 070	5 087	5 100	5 062	5 062	3 060	3 020	3 020	-5.6	-12.1
Crustaceans	2 352	240	259	250	273	583	695	565	282	281	-21.0	-16.7
Aquatic animals	0	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	0	0	3	0	--	--
TOTAL	785 847	742 566	724 574	796 913	891 528	907 688	941 462	1 101 566	1 221 174	1 350 522	6.2	10.4

Value (US$ 1 000)
Species Groups	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	APR(1) 91-00	APR 96-00
Marine fishes	242 602	351 270	335 220	365 848	460 392	587 241	644 030	865 037	962 988	1 179 866	19.2	19.1
Molluscs	682 110	649 266	573 538	682 204	801 433	660 938	630 348	658 289	641 684	662 247	-0.3	0.0
Freshwater fishes	262 680	269 296	239 107	244 202	221 530	242 867	233 099	321 693	414 675	537 747	8.3	22.0
Diadromous fishes	403 185	416 659	411 306	403 363	414 375	475 970	557 066	522 823	433 368	388 866	-0.4	-4.9
Aquatic plants	2 432	2 450	1 907	1 868	1 848	9 724	8 823	10 371	8 713	10 045	17.1	0.8
Crustaceans	40 484	3 189	2 728	3 130	4 317	10 348	10 640	8 804	3 750	2 864	-25.5	-27.5
Aquatic animals	--	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	--	--	9	--	--	--
TOTAL	1 633 493	1 692 130	1 563 806	1 700 615	1 903 895	1 987 088	2 084 006	2 387 017	2 465 187	2 781 635	6.1	8.8

(1): Average Annual Percentage Rate.
(Sources: FAO Fishstat - Version 2.3).

Table 5. Top 15 Aquaculture production species in 2000 - Includes freshwater and Atlantic coast production (MT).

Species	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	APR(1) 91-00	APR 96-00
Blue mussel (Mytilus edulis)	241 003	186 333	146 461	191 100	231 444	238 424	241 143	311 862	313 569	305 730	2.7	6.4
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)	22 156	21 505	19 857	25 214	21 969	27 854	30 416	52 755	103 988	157 425	24.3	54.2
Pacific cupped oyster (Crassostrea gigas)	130 288	133 511	144 898	147 123	145 388	150 829	148 378	137 446	137 876	134 259	0.3	-2.9
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)	96 991	103 894	111 404	116 560	124 351	127 762	135 272	127 212	117 269	123 267	2.7	-0.9
Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis)	112 820	105 232	112 387	103 392	110 936	104 768	106 592	118 435	121 730	115 519	0.3	2.5
Flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus)	11 182	11 827	10 952	12 290	19 255	25 230	21 461	33 639	48 168	86 001	25.4	35.9
Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)	6 152	9 284	12 737	20 125	24 029	32 658	40 669	53 100	65 747	85 235	33.9	27.1
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)	9 648	9 685	4 636	4 150	2 867	3 216	16 154	39 043	52 876	67 614	24.2	114.1
Japanese carpet shell (Ruditapes philippinarum)	27 116	26 740	24 000	40 000	60 000	40 385	40 140	49 630	51 826	55 737	8.3	8.4
European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)	5 864	9 317	13 557	14 689	19 180	20 715	26 970	34 548	40 635	52 091	27.5	25.9
Trouts nei (Salmo spp)	4 146	6 271	6 848	6 977	12 689	18 511	28 505	34 640	38 580	44 543	30.2	24.5
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)	53 111	60 050	50 801	46 861	48 622	49 272	34 393	39 049	49 200	39 646	-3.2	-5.3
Seabasses nei (Dicentrarchus spp)	777	808	3 158	2 229	2 773	5 210	6 300	8 660	12 000	17 877	41.7	36.1
Tilapias nei (Oreochromis spp)	6 383	4 494	5 245	6 622	7 070	7 987	7 107	8 068	7 475	9 685	4.7	4.9
European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis)	3 039	3 644	2 709	3 740	4 896	5 154	4 929	4 911	5 408	5 453	6.7	1.4
SUB-TOTAL	730 676	692 595	669 650	741 072	835 469	857 975	888 429	1 052 998	1 166 347	1 300 082	6.6	10.9
Other (94 entries)	55 171	49 971	54 924	55 841	56 059	49 713	53 033	48 568	54 827	50 440	-1.0	0.4
TOTAL	785 847	742 566	724 574	796 913	891 528	907 688	941 462	1 101 566	1 221 174	1 350 522	6.2	10.4

(1): Average Annual Percentage Rate.
(Sources: FAO Fishstat - Version 2.3).